Back to: Science e-catalog Grade e-Journal
e-Journal

Meet Adriana Aquino (pp. 520–521)


Step 1. Questions

Fish have an amazing ability to adapt to very cold temperatures. This ability comes from a special protein, called a "glycoprotein," that acts like antifreeze in the circulatory systems of fish living in these areas.

To write about how fish adapt to life in cold environments, you will research this antifreeze protein and how it functions. Here are some questions to guide your research:
  • What purpose do antifreeze proteins serve for fish?
  • How do antifreeze proteins work?
  • What would happen if these fish did not have this adaptation?
  • What other adaptations do fish have to survive cold environments?
Are you ready? Begin by visiting the Web site listed in Step 2. Look for answers to the questions above, and write down what you learned in the note-taking boxes.

With teacher supervision, you may use search engines to research other Web sites. You also can research antifreeze proteins and fish adaptations at the library. When you are ready, follow Steps 3 and 4 to write your report.



Step 2. Research

Research answers to the questions you were asked in Step 1. Visit these Web sites. Take notes about them on this page, too!


Toolbox Tip: Click here to learn how to move from one Web page to another.


Fish Antifreeze
Read the brief section "Fish Antifreeze" for an explanation of this protein. Keep in mind what you read about the Antarctic Notothenioid in your textbook. This Web site comes from the American Museum of Natural History.
Take Notes:



Antifreeze Proteins—Secrets for Mankind?
Learn how antifreeze proteins work and how they might be used to help people. Click on the questions at the left to see the answers highlighted. This Web site comes from the National Science Foundation.
Take Notes:



Diving Under Antarctic Ice
Have you ever seen fish swimming in frozen waters? Take a look at these amazing photographs by Norbet Wu, a professional underwater photographer. Keep in mind what you have learned about how antifreeze proteins work.
Take Notes:



Additional Sites

Adaption to the Cold
The University of Canterbury in New Zealand hosts this Web site about Antarctic animals and plants. Read about the adaptations that Antarctic fish have to survive.
Take Notes:



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