You can look through a(n)microscope to view the small parts that make up cells. The cell membrane, or outer covering gives the cell shape. The nucleus directs the activities of the cell. It acts as the cell’s control center. Long strands called chromosomes contain directions for cell activities. Most of the cell’s life activities occur within the cytoplasm. This gel-like substance holds an abundance of water. Mitochondria are the rod-shaped structures that supply the cells with energy. Because of this function, mitochondria are referred to as the powerhouses of the cell. Vacuoles store anything ranging from food to wastes.