In the early 1700s, was profitable in the Middle Colonies as grain, pork, and beef exports to Europe and the West Indies increased. England's decreased demand for caused colonies in Virginia and Maryland to export corn, wheat, and indigo. Indigo became a cash crop after 1739, when Eliza Lucas Pinkney's experiments enhanced .
Colonial Trade and Industry
Because the English founded the colonies to provide free for British companies, they felt threatened when the colonies began shipbuilding and growing their own industries. The colonists were moving towards a economy which would include their own trading with other nations free of English interference.
Triangular Trade
Soon, colonial merchants began to English laws
forbidding export of goods to any other countries. A triangular trade route formed among such colonial ports as Boston and , southern Europe, the West Indies, and Africa. Thousands of captive Africans died on board ships between Africa and the Americas--what was called the .