McGraw-Hill SocialStudies 2003 Return to Unit List
Grade 5
Lesson Review Lesson Review
Unit 7: The Nation Changes
Chapter 17: The Nation is Industrialized
Lesson 1: Big Business
 
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America--Invention Capital of the World

The 1800s was a time of great , including the light bulb by , an electric train lamp by Lewis Latimer, and the telephone by .

Industrial Leaders

The two leading industries at the time were steel making and oil production. started new steel mills, and went into oil refineries. Large businesses, or , were developed. Some corporations had complete control of entire .

The Rise of Unions

worked in many of the factories of these new industries. They worked long hours under dangerous health conditions and were paid low wages. In 1911 the Triangle Shirtwaist factory in New York burned, and 146 women and girls were trapped in the and died. To fight for better working conditions, workers began to organize into groups called . Samuel Gompers founded the American Federation of Labor, which helped to get labor laws passed that ended child labor, shortened work hours, and made employers pay for injuries on the job.

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